Manufacture of artificial-stone structures.



P. E. DENIVELLE.

MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL STONE STRUCTURES.

APPLICATION FILED IAN. II. I917.

l gsagwm Patented July 10, 1917.

WITNESSES: IN VENTOR Paw! E. DQnM/elle,

PAUL E. DENIVELLE, OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA.

MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL-STONE STRUCTURE$.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 10, 1917..

Original application filed October 20, 1915, Serial No. 56,879. Patent No. 1,212,331, dated January 16, 1917. Divided and this application filed January 11, 1917. Serial No. 141,846.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PAUL E. DENIvnLLn, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city and county of San Francisco and State of California, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Manufacture of Artificial-Stone Structures, of which the fol lowing is a specification.

This invention comprehends a process to be used in the manufacture of artificial stone simulating travertin stone or marble, and adapted to be used especially for its architectural effects, and pertains especially to the method of surfacing and finishing structures already in place, such as walls, cornices, etc.

The method embraces the application of colored plastic material or ingredients, such as Portland cement, plaster of Paris, Keenes cement, magnesite and water or other liquid substance with or without aggregates to an upturned negative form, or mold of existing type, of wood, plaster, cement, etc., wherein these colored materials are so applied before the final set or crystallization of the mass, in a variety of progressive steps consecutively, as to produce in the cast orpositive taken from said mold, form, etc, automatically as a result of the progressive steps and special application, a certain striated form of texture porousness in simulation of a stone known as travertin or Roman travertin. This process has to do mainly with producing or obtaining a surface especially desirable for reproducing in architectural and decorative effect; this method of use and effect being an innovation. 7

The method involves the use of the above colored materials in a certain definite and novel manner during their direct application to a wall or ceiling, or similarsurface, and before the set or crystallization is complete, in order that the resulting surface may have a colored striated or porous surface in simulation of travertin or Roman travertin texture or stone of similar striated porousness; this form of use and effect being an innovation.

The drawings illustrate the application of the invention simply in a schematic manner.

The figure is a horizontal. cross-section illustrating the process.

The present application is a division of my original application which has matured into Patent #1212331, dated January 16, 1917.

In proceeding by the present process I employ the following steps in the case of walls, ceilings, cornices, etc.

The plastic materials or ingredients, such as Portland cement, Keenes cement, magnesite, plaster of Paris, or a combination of the ingredients, are applied to walls or ceilings, interior or exterior, whereby the resulting surface is made striated and porous of the nature and for the purpose of producing a simulation or imitation of the surface that obtains in Roman travel-tin stone commonly known as travertin; the object being to incorporate several or all of the following steps in accordance with the degree or perfection in imitation or simulation required in the finished surface from the architects viewpoint. V

1. To a concrete,.brick, metal or wood lath, or any similar form of construction B, one or two coats of plastic material or mortar, as 10, composed of plaster of Paris, Portland cement or Keenes cement and sand or aggregate, is applied and straightened to a fair surface. This application may be varied in method and result; the object being to form a foundation for the steps which follow.

2. Next, a colored mixture, as 11. composed of white Portland cement, Keenes cement, magnesite, plaster of Paris, or similar materials, with or without a percentage of aggregate or sand added, is reduced to a consistency of a soft paste in semi-liquid form, by the addition of water or other agency, and applied to the wall in that state by means of a trowel, float or similar device to a varying thickness, in accordance with the depth of porosity required in the finished result. This application is immediately straightened roughly by means of a rule or straight-edge. The foregoing coat is for the purpose of producing a background coating of the general color form re quired, of sufiicient thickness to permit of the next operation.

3. One or several mixtures of different colors of the foregoing ingredients, reduced with water or other liquid to a soft pasty consistency, is applied in a series of horizontal veins 12, of varying length, with a narrow, long, soft brush, or other device immersed in the one or several colored mixtures successively and applied to the coating 11 by stippling in while the material of coat 11 is very soft. A light horizontal trowel action is repeatedly applied. This is for the purpose of-providing light horizontally striated veins or lines of different colors or tones of color in the finished result.

4. While the foregoing coats 11 and 12 are still very soft, a sharp stipple is produced to the full. depth of coatings 11 and '12 by means of a slender or narrow brush of stiff bristles held horizontally and applied in a series of alternating sharp jabs and pres sure, said stippled jabs being placed staggered,- with varying sequence between the colored veins 12 described heretofore.

5. A light horizontal trowel application follows. This is for the purpose of'producing the greater porosity in texture markings required in the finished result; the form and nature of the bristles producing a jagged series of depressions, horizontally striated formation, and the trowels pressure reducing the width of these depressions, together with providing an undercut quality to the stippling it would not otherwise have. V

6. Whilethe coating 11 is still soft, but in an'advancedstage approaching set or crystallization, a smaller series of jabs is applied in a'horizontal rotation by means of a stiff wire brush enough to penetrate the surface,

gradually hardening, and applied between the grosser markings and veins described in operations two and three. This is for the purpose of producing the refinements of texture or horizontal strata of porous quality Roman travertin, or stone commonly known as travertin.

8. In such moldings, cornices, panel moldings, or forms of ornamentation as may require it, the same methods are applied in forming the same as described in operations two, three, four, five, six and seven, except that following the last step a knife mold that has the form or outline of the object re- '60 quired will be used in addition to the foregoing methods of two, three, four, five, six and seven and run over the surfaceof the object its full length to retain perfection of contour. 1

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is l. A process for the manufacture of striated artificial stone structures, which consists in preparing the surface of the article to be treated and laying a soft background thereon, veining the same with a plastic material, stippling the veining, and troweling the same.

2. A process for the manufacture of striated artificial stone structures, which consists in preparing the surface of the article to be treated and laying a soft background thereon, veining the same with a plastic material, stippling the veining, troweling the same, and during crystallization of the de- .posit of material subjecting the same to further stippling.

3. A process for the manufacture of striated artificial stone structures, which consists in preparing the surface of the article to be treated and laying a soft background thereon, veining the same with a plastic material, stippling the veining, trowcling the same, and during crystallization of the deposit of material subjecting the same to further stippling and finally to a vigorous troweling.

4. A process for the manufacture of striated artificial stone structures, which consists in depositing upon a soft background a veining of plastic material, troweling the same, subjecting the troweled surface to stippling, and again troweling the same.

5. A process for the manufacture of striated artificial stone structures, which consists in depositing upon a soft background a veining of plastic material, troweling the same, subjecting the troweled surface to stippling, and again troweling the same, and then during crystallization subjecting it to more stippling.

6. A process for the manufacture of striated artificial stone structures, which consists in depositing upon a soft background a veining of plastic material. trowcling the same, subjecting the troweled surface to stippling, and again trowelin-g the same, and then during crystallization subjecting it to more stippling, and finally to a vigorous troweling.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

PAUL E. DENIVELLE.

lVitnesses JOHN H. Humane, W. W. HEALEY.

, cepies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

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